Sunday, November 17, 2019

Leaders And Members Of Mafia Family Convicted Of Murder, Racketeering, And Other Crimes


  Geoffrey S. Berman, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, announced that MATTHEW MADONNA, STEVEN L. CREA, CHRISTOPHER LONDONIO, and TERRENCE CALDWELL, were convicted today, after a six-week jury trial, of murder, conspiracy to commit racketeering, and other felonies.  Fifteen other defendants have previously pled guilty to related charges.

U.S. Attorney Geoffrey S. Berman said:  “The violent and disturbing acts of these four organized crime figures included the brutal murder of associate Michael Meldish. Fittingly, all four defendants have been found guilty of their heinous acts of fraud, extortion, and murder on the six-year anniversary of Meldish’s death. Thanks to the outstanding investigative work of the FBI and NYPD, we will continue our commitment to making organized crime a thing of a bygone era.”
According to the evidence presented at trial, and other court documents:
Until his arrest in this case, MADONNA was the Acting Boss of the Luchese Family of La Cosa Nostra, one of the “Five Families” that constitute the Mafia in the New York City area.  In 2013, MADONNA became displeased with Michael Meldish, a longtime organized crime associate who had refused to collect debts owed to MADONNA.  MADONNA ordered Meldish killed, leading to Meldish’s murder on this date six years ago.  As the Acting Boss of the Family, MADONNA also received payments from a host of other illegal activities, including the extortion of labor union members, loansharking, illegal gambling operations, and drug-trafficking.
CREA is the official Underboss, or second-in-command, of the Luchese Family.  As the Underboss, he participated in MADONNA’s decision to kill Meldish, and relayed the order to lower-ranking members of the Family.  As a member of the Family’s leadership, or “administration,” CREA also profited from the same illegal activities as MADONNA.  CREA was personally involved in several criminal schemes, including fraud and extortion in a large construction project at a public hospital, the extortion of one of his subordinates, and ordering the assault of a relative.
LONDONIO is a made member of the Luchese Family.  Acting under the orders of MADONNA and CREA, LONDONIO helped setup Meldish—a personal friend of LONDONIO’s—to be killed, and acted as the getaway driver for the murder.  LONDONIO also carried firearms and other weapons, beat an associate of a rival crime family with a baseball bat, and personally participated in extortion, operating illegal gambling businesses, and drug-trafficking, among other crimes.
CALDWELL is an associate of the Luchese Family, who participated in its crimes but was not formally inducted as a member.  On May 29, 2013, CALDWELL ambushed a member of the rival Bonanno Family in Manhattan.  CALDWELL fired several shots into the victim’s car at close range and struck him once in the chest, but the victim survived.  On November 15, 2013, CALDWELL carried out MADONNA’s and CREA’s orders to kill Michel Meldish.  CALDWELL met Meldish and drove with him to a Bronx neighborhood to meet LONDONIO.  As Meldish got out of his car, CALDWELL shot him once in the head, killing him instantly.  CALDWELL then drove off with LONDONIO.
MADONNA, 84, of the Bronx, New York; CREA, 72, of Crestwood, New York; LONDONIO, 45, of Hartsdale, New York; and CALDWELL, 61, of Manhattan, New York, were each found guilty of one count of racketeering conspiracy, which carries a maximum sentence of life in prison; conspiracy to commit murder in aid of racketeering, which carries a maximum sentence of ten years in prison; murder in aid of racketeering, which carries a mandatory minimum sentence of life in prison; and use of a firearm in furtherance of murder in aid of racketeering, which carries a mandatory minimum sentence of five years in prison and a maximum sentence of life in prison.
CREA was acquitted of one count of attempted murder and assault in aid of racketeering and one count of use of a firearm in furtherance of attempted murder and assault in aid of racketeering. 
LONDONIO was also found guilty of one count of conspiracy to distribute narcotics, which carries a maximum sentence of twenty years in prison.  LONDONIO was acquitted of one count of attempting to escape from the Metropolitan Detention Center.  
CALDWELL was also found guilty of one count of attempted murder in aid of racketeering, which carries a maximum sentence of twenty years in prison, and one count of discharging a firearm in furtherance of attempted murder in aid of racketeering, which carries a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years in prison and a maximum sentence of life in prison.
Mr. Berman praised the outstanding investigative work of the FBI, the NYPD, the Department of Homeland Security Homeland Security Investigations, the Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor, and the Bureau of Prisons.

Former Employee Of Hospital Charged With Compromising Dozens Of Coworkers’ Email Accounts And Stealing Their Confidential Information

  Geoffrey S. Berman, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and William F. Sweeney Jr., Assistant Director-in-Charge of the New York Office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (“FBI”), announced the arrest of RICHARD LIRIANO for installing a malicious software program known as a “keylogger” on dozens of his coworkers’ computers at a New York City area hospital, obtaining unauthorized access to his victims’ email, social media and other online accounts, and using that unauthorized access to steal private and confidential files.  Using his victims’ stolen credentials, LIRIANO repeatedly compromised their password-protected online accounts, and pilfered their sensitive personal photographs and other private documents.

LIRIANO was arrested yesterday and arraigned in federal court before United States Magistrate Judge Katharine H. Parker. 
U.S. Attorney Geoffrey S. Berman said:  “Richard Liriano, an information technology professional at a New York hospital, is alleged to have installed a ‘keylogger’ program onto dozens of his coworkers’ computers in order to spy on and steal personal information from them.  Liriano allegedly used the access he gained through the malicious software to steal photos, tax records, and other personal information from his coworkers and people associated with them.  As information technology increasingly becomes an integral part of our workplaces, ensuring the integrity of those systems becomes even more critical.  The arrest of Liriano should serve as an error message to any information technology professionals seeking to capitalize on their trusted access to information:  As in this case, you will be caught and prosecuted.”
FBI Assistant Director-in-Charge William F. Sweeney Jr. said: “Whatever alleged motivation the subject in this case had, hacking into his co-workers lives, albeit extremely disturbing, wasn't the most egregious act.  He allegedly installed a harmful program on computers that house vital and critical healthcare information for hospital patients, without a thought to what he could be compromising in his attempts to spy on people.”
According to the Indictment unsealed today in Manhattan federal court[1]:
From at least in or about 2017, up to and including at least about in or about September 28, 2018, LIRIANO misused administrative access provided to him as an information technology employee at a New York City-area hospital (“Hospital-1”), to log in to employee accounts, and copy other employees’ personal documents, including tax records, and personal photographs onto his own workspace computer for his own personal use. 
To further his efforts to steal personal information from Hospital-1’s employees, LIRIANO, without authorization, secretly installed a malicious program known as a keylogger on the accounts of other, primarily female, employees.  This program recorded and sent victim employees’ keystrokes to LIRIANO, which included the usernames and passwords those employees entered to access their personal web-based email accounts.  Through the course of this conduct, LIRANO stole usernames and passwords for at least approximately 30 email accounts belonging to Hospital-1 employees or persons associated with those employees (the “Compromised Accounts”). 
LIRIANO then used those stolen usernames and passwords to log in to the Compromised Accounts and obtain unauthorized access to other password-protected email, social media, photographs, and online accounts to which the Compromised Accounts were registered.  Among other things, LIRIANO conducted searches for personal photographs in the Compromised Accounts.
LIRIANO, 33, of Bronx, New York, is charged in three counts.  The first count charges him with transmitting a program to a protected computer that intentionally caused damage, which carries a maximum sentence of 10 years in prison.  The second count charges him with intentionally accessing a protected computer without authorization and recklessly causing damage, which carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison.  The third count is aggravated identity theft, which requires a two year prison term to be served consecutive to any sentence imposed on the computer intrusion charges.  The maximum potential sentences are prescribed by Congress and are provided here for informational purposes only, as any sentencing of the defendant will be determined by the judge.
Mr. Berman praised the extraordinary work of the FBI and the New York City Police Department.
The charges contained in the Indictment are merely accusations, and the defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty.
[1] As the introductory phrase signifies, the entirety of the text of the Indictment, and the description of the Indictment set forth herein, constitute only allegations, and every fact described should be treated as an allegation.

Comptroller Stringer “Making the Grade” MWBE Report Reveals Systemic Barriers to Competition, Exclusionary Contract Language, Unresponsive City Agencies


City Awarded $20.5 Billion in Contracts in FY 2019; Only $1.007 Billion (4.9 Percent) Awarded to M/WBEs.

After Four Consecutive “D+” Grades, City Finally Earns First “C” Grade in FY 2019 for M/WBE Spending
 New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer today announced the results of a first-of-its-kind survey of more than 550 Minority/Women Owned Business Enterprises (M/WBEs), which revealed systemic barriers to competition M/WBEs face when navigating City contracting – including unresponsive City agencies, opaque procurement processes and exclusionary contract language. The Comptroller also announced that the City earned its first passing ‘C” grade after four consecutive years of “D+” grades on the Comptroller’s “Making the Grade: New York City Agency Report Card on M/WBEs.”
“If we want a strong economy with real, local community wealth creation, we need an inclusive economy. That’s why my office proposes recommendations every year on how the City can level the playing field and increase access and opportunity for M/WBEs,” said New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer. “Accountability leads to improvement – and while today’s report indicates modest progress by the City, we cannot rest on our laurels until all City agencies make the grade. We know that there is more work to be done to dismantle the systemic barriers M/WBEs face when navigating City procurement and contracting. We must do more to ensure that the M/WBE community has the tools, resources, and capacity to compete and thrive in our economy.”
“Making The Grade” assesses 32 City agencies – and the City overall – on progress in spending with minority and women-owned businesses (M/WBEs) and is a diagnostic tool for agencies to improve performance and transparency in M/WBE spending, increase competition in City procurement and save taxpayer dollars.
Highlights in the 2019 “Making the Grade” report include:
Improvements:
  • The City earned its first “C” grade in FY 2019 for M/WBE spending after four consecutive years of “D+” grades. For the first time, no agencies received an overall “F” grade.
  • The City spent $911.9 million with M/WBEs in FY 2019, an additional $180.8 million from FY 2018.
  • 30 out of 32 agencies improved or maintained their grades from last year.
  • 92 percent of the City’s top 50 competitive contracts (about $1.7 billion) had M/WBE goals.
Problem Areas:
  • There is significant room for increased spending with every minority group. The City earned a “B” grade on spending with Asian American-owned businesses and a “C” grade with Hispanic American owned businesses. It maintained its “D” grade with women and its “F” grade with African American-owned businesses from FY 2018.
  • The City awarded $20.5 billion in contracts in FY 2019, of which only $1.007 billion (equal to 4.9 percent) were awarded to M/WBEs.
  • 17 percent of City-certified M/WBEs received City payments in FY 2019, a decrease from 20 percent in FY 2018 due to an expansion of more than 2,000 firms in the M/WBE program.
Each year, this report also puts forth recommendations meant to reduce barriers and increase access to opportunities for M/WBEs. The Comptroller’s Office conducted a survey of over 550 M/WBEs to help inform these recommendations. Survey findings included:
  • 82 percent of respondents expressed the need to improve criteria on how vendors are selected for City work.
  • 69 percent of respondents found agencies unresponsive when they reached out to Agency Chief Contracting Officers, M/WBE Officers, or other related liaisons with meeting requests, phone calls. As a result, 75 percent of respondents stated that agency responsiveness needed some or major improvement.
  • 38 percent of respondents who did not compete for contracts were not aware of procurement opportunities and said the process was too time consuming and hard to understand.
  • More than 80 percent of respondents that served as prime vendors/subcontractors waited more than 30 days to be paid for their first invoice on average.
The Comptroller’s “Making the Grade” report made a series of recommendations, including:
  • The City should require agencies to conduct market analyses and address solicitation language that creates unnecessary barriers to competition.
  • The City should conduct a workforce disparity study and create a workforce diversity program.
  • The City should expand the role of M/WBE Officers to serve as advocates for M/WBEs and to address agency responsiveness and contracting issues.

To Hold Corporate Executives Accountable for Misconduct, Comptroller Stringer and the NYC Retirement Systems Call for Clawback Policy at Gilead, Inc.


For years, Gilead has been embroiled in controversy for potentially engaging in anti-competitive practices that kept the HIV prevention drug, Truvada, unaffordable for millions
New shareholder proposal calls for a “Clawback” policy that would hold corporate executives financially accountable for misconduct – such as anti-competitive practices – by giving the Board of Directors the ability to recoup profits made as a result of wrongdoing
Clawback policies ensure misconduct is not rewarded and help companies limit risks and foster long-term sustainable growth 
Following a class-action lawsuit alleging that Gilead, Inc., a pharmaceutical company engaged in anti-competitive practices to delay generic alternatives to HIV prevention and management drugs in order to charge exorbitant prices, today New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer and the New York City Retirement Systems (“the Systems”) announced a new shareholder proposal to hold senior Gilead executives accountable for potential misconduct. The shareholder proposal submitted to Gilead’s board of directors would, if adopted, give the board the ability to recoup or “clawback” compensation paid to senior executives as a result of misconduct or failed oversight – and help companies limit reputational and regulatory risks while fostering long-term sustainable growth. This is the first year that Comptroller Stringer and the Systems are calling for this reform at Gilead, Inc and comes as part of the partnership with Investors for Opioid and Pharmaceutical Accountability.
“Ethics matter – and companies should hold their employees accountable when they commit misconduct. There is strong evidence that suggests Gilead purposefully raised drug prices to exorbitant levels – and that people living with HIV were denied the medicine they need to survive. It’s outrageous and now the company is facing long-term consequences,” said New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer. “When Wells Fargo defrauded customers, a clawback policy held executives accountable. Money made as a result of misconduct should not pad the pockets of bad-actors – and clawback policies ensure that misconduct is not rewarded. As long-term shareholders, Gilead must prove to investors that they have substantive measures to hold executives accountable. It’s not just the right thing to do, it’s a smart policy to help set a proper tone at the top for ethical conduct and thereby promote long-term sustainable growth.”
The Comptroller and the NYC Retirement Systems’ proposal specifically urges the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors to adopt a policy “to provide that the Committee will (a) review, and determine whether to seek recoupment of incentive compensation paid, granted or awarded to a senior executive if, in the Committee’s judgment, (i) there has been misconduct resulting in a violation of law or Gilead policy that causes significant financial or reputational harm to Gilead and (ii) the senior executive either committed the misconduct or failed in his or her responsibility to manage or monitor conduct or risks; and (b) disclose the circumstances of any recoupment if the circumstances of the underlying misconduct are public.”
In 2013, the Comptroller’s office successfully negotiated an expanded clawback policy at Wells Fargo. Three years later, following a letter from Comptroller Stringer, the board of directors used the expanded clawback policy to recoup $60 million from the company’s CEO and another executive in the aftermath of the Wells Fargo fake account scandal. Since 2014, the Comptroller’s office has filed 18 clawback-related proposals, which were enacted by 11 companies.
Comptroller Stringer serves as the investment advisor to, and custodian and a trustee of, the New York City Pension Funds. The New York City Pension Funds are composed of the New York City Employees’ Retirement System, Teachers’ Retirement System, New York City Police Pension Fund, New York City Fire Department Pension Fund and the Board of Education Retirement System.

AG James And NYSP Superintendent Corlett Announce Takedown Of Nine Members Of Cocaine And Methamphetamine Trafficking Ring


Individuals Charged with 168 Crimes for Trafficking Drugs in the Hudson Valley and NYC

 Attorney General Letitia James and the New York State Police (NYSP) today announced a 168-count indictment charging nine individuals for their roles in an alleged cocaine and methamphetamine smuggling operation. The investigation, dubbed “Operation Final Cut,” seized more than four pounds of cocaine, one pound of methamphetamine pills, three loaded handguns, and two high-capacity ammunition feeding devices.

“We will continue to go after any individual who tries to profit off of the sale of illegal drugs,” said Attorney General Letitia James. “Not only did these individuals bring dangerous drugs into our communities, but they put their children and families in harm’s way by using their businesses as storefronts for this operation. I thank the New York State Police for their partnership in this investigation and continued work to ensure the safety of all New Yorkers.”
“Each day our members see the harmful effects drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine have on individuals, families and our neighborhoods,” said New York State Police Superintendent Keith M. Corlett. “I applaud the hard work and cooperation between our state, federal, and local law enforcement and another successful investigation that resulted in the dismantling of this illegal drug and weapons trafficking operation. Together, we will continue to aggressively target and pursue criminals who bring dangerous drugs and weapons into our communities, threaten the safety and security of our neighborhoods, and profit at the expense of our citizens."
The year-long investigation, which began with the New York State Police Special Investigations Unit in August 2018, netted alleged dealers and traffickers in Dutchess County, Bronx County, and the State of Florida. The Dutchess County component of the case centered around several businesses in Poughkeepsie, including a pizzeria, café, and barbershop. 
The Attorney General’s investigation included hundreds of hours of physical surveillance, wiretapping, covert cameras, and undercover operations. During the course of wiretapping, conspirators frequently utilized coded and cryptic terminology in an attempt to disguise their illicit trafficking, such as referring to orders of cocaine as “cuts” and “white girl.” 
As alleged in the indictment, cocaine was suppled to Tony Jarrett for resale by Vincenzo Dalia and others to customers in Dutchess County. Dalia additionally purchased quantities of what he believed to be Adderall, but was in fact, methamphetamine from Florida, for resale. Dalia also purchased quantities of what he believed to be ecstasy, but was again methamphetamine, from Matthew Haddad, for resale. Haddad would obtain the pills from his supplier, Christian Myers, and on occasion bring them to Dalia at Dalia’s family-owned pizzeria in Poughkeepsie for resale for customers. During one occasion, Haddad brought his child to a meeting to exchange pills for money.
Law enforcement members effected multiple seizures of cocaine and illegally obtained controlled substance pills as well as three loaded firearms during the course of these drug trafficking activities.
The indictment, unsealed before Dutchess County Court Judge Edward McLoughlin, charged the following nine individuals with 168 crimes, including various counts of A-Felony level and B- and D-Felony level Criminal Sale and Criminal Possession of a Controlled Substance, and Conspiracy to commit those crimes. 
Those charged in today’s indictment include:
VINCENZO DALIA, 25, of Poughkeepsie, New York
KAREEM DEVAUGHN, 39, of Bronx New York
MATTHEW HADDAD, 33, of Poughkeepsie, New York
TONY JARRETT, 35, of Poughkeepsie, New York
SCOTT MITTELSTAEDT, 47, of Coconut Creek, Florida
CHRISTIAN MYERS, 28, of Poughkeepsie, New York
RISHAD THOMAS, 40, of Poughkeepsie, New York
SEAN WILLINGHAM, 37, of Bronx, New York
JAMAL WIMBUS, 35, of Bronx, New York

The investigation was led by Office of the Attorney General Organized Crime Task Force (OCTF) Investigator David Walsh and OCTF Supervising Investigator Bradford Miller, along with the NYSP Special Investigations Unit. OCTF investigators are supervised by Deputy Chief Christopher Vasta. The Attorney General’s Investigations Division is led by Chief Oliver Pu-Folkes. The Attorney General would also like to thank the U.S. Army National Guard Counterdrug Task Force for their assistance in this investigation.
The case is being prosecuted by OCTF Assistant Deputy Attorney General James Cudden, together with OCTF Analyst Julianna Siklos, under the supervision of Deputy Bureau Chief Lauren Abinanti. Nicole Keary is the Deputy Attorney General in Charge of the Organized Crime Task Force. OCTF is supervised by Chief Deputy Attorney General for Criminal Justice José Maldonado and First Deputy Attorney General Jennifer Levy.
The charges against the defendants are merely accusations and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty.

AG James And Governor Cuomo File Expanded Lawsuit Against International Joint Commission Over Substantial Flooding Damages


Suit Alleges that IJC failed to implement its flood protocol and provide relief to riparian owners

  Building on the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation’s (DEC) lawsuit against the International Joint Commission (IJC), Attorney General Letitia James and Governor Andrew M. Cuomo today filed an expanded lawsuit on behalf of New York State against the IJC for failing to implement its flood protocol for the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. Specifically, the IJC operated under a protocol known as “Plan 2014,” which required that when water levels reach extremely high levels, the dam “shall be operated to provide all possible relief to the riparian owners upstream and downstream.” As a result of the IJC’s actions and failures to act in response to flooding in 2017 and 2019, New York incurred substantial damages.

This lawsuit expands on the suit filed by DEC last month by also including damages incurred by all state agencies, including DEC, which collectively number more than $50 million. 
“The International Joint Commission failed their primary mission of properly managing Lake Ontario’s water levels,” said Attorney General James. “We will not stand by while the IJC continues to expose New Yorkers to dangerous flooding. The individuals and families along the shoreline do not deserve the pain of having to deal with the damages to their homes and businesses—damages that could have been avoided in the first place. We are hopeful that this lawsuit will bring safety, security, and justice to those most impacted by IJC’s negligence.”  
“The IJC’s mismanagement of Lake Ontario water levels wreaked havoc on vulnerable shoreline communities and the resulting damage carries a stiff price that shouldn’t be shouldered by the State of New York or by the very property owners the Commission was supposed to protect,” Governor Cuomo said. “The IJC has been wholly unresponsive to our complaints and have taken no action to make the situation better, and this expanded lawsuit will allow us to better recoup the costs of the damage and to hold the Commission accountable.”
Department of Environmental Conservation Commissioner Basil Seggos said, "My thanks to the Attorney General’s office for joining our effort to deliver justice to the victims of the IJC’s gross incompetence. The IJC had one job – manage water levels to protect people and property – and it failed miserably. This is a clear-cut case in which impacted shoreline residents are the victims, and the IJC is responsible. We welcome the might of the AG’s office and look forward to presenting our case in court.”
The Office of the Attorney General (OAG) is bringing this action on behalf of the departments and agencies of the State of New York, including, but not limited to the DEC, the Department of Transportation, the Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Services, the Division of Military and Naval Affairs, and the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Directed by Governor Cuomo, DEC initiated litigation against the IJC on October 9, 2019. Today’s action incorporates DEC’s prior complaint, as well as adding impacts to other New York State agencies.  
The Office of the Attorney General and Governor Cuomo’s Office seek compensatory damages in excess of $50 million dollars for damages that include:
  • Damages to state property;
  • Damages consisting of monies the State spent and will spend to repair harms to property, municipalities, and residents; and
  • Damages to natural resources, including the value of lost recreational activities.
Flooding on the shores of Lake Ontario in 2017 cost the State damages in excess of $4 million in damages, which included damage to State parks, beaches, campgrounds, boat docks, and boat launches. This was disastrous for thousands of businesses and New Yorkers along the Lake Ontario shoreline in Cayuga, Jefferson, Monroe, Niagara, Orleans, St. Lawrence, and Wayne counties.
Additionally, in 2019, flooding cost State property damages in excess of $2 million in damages. The public lost the value of the use of some facilities while they were closed for repairs or remained submerged under floodwaters. An emergency was declared for the counties of Cayuga, Jefferson, Monroe, Niagara, Orleans, Oswego, St. Lawrence, and Wayne as a result of the damage caused by continued high Lake Ontario water levels. The State activated the State Emergency Operations Center for 125 days to conduct operations across eight New York counties and hundreds of miles of shoreline.
Several State agencies also incurred substantial expenses in connection with their responses to the flooding. DEC and the New York National Guard fortified public and private shorefront property with water barriers and other equipment. The Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Services (DHSES) deployed sandbags, sandbagging machines, pumps, and water barriers.
DHSES also activated the State Emergency Operations Center for 125 days to conduct operations across eight New York Counties and hundreds of miles of shoreline. The Department of Transportation oversaw sandbag filling operations and activated its incident command system. In total, State agencies’ response costs exceeded $37 million.
Additionally, the State has spent more than $100 million dollars helping homeowners, small businesses, municipalities, and others repair property damage from flooding in 2017 and 2019. These funds have been distributed through New York State Homes and Community Renewal in connection with the Lake Ontario-St. Lawrence Seaway Flood Relief and Recovery Grant Program, as well as through Empire State Development and the Lake Ontario Small Business Recovery Fund.
The U.S.-Great Britain Boundary Waters Treaty, Plan 2014, the 2016 Supplementary Order of Approval, and other applicable laws impose a duty on IJC to operate the dam in a manner that safeguards the interests of riparian property owners on the New York shores of Lake Ontario and that meets a standard of reasonable care for those property owners.